14What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if someone claims to have faith but does not have works? Can such faith save him?
15–16If a brother or sister is without clothes and lacks daily food and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, stay warm, and be well fed,” but you don’t give them what the body needs, what good is it?
17In the same way faith, if it does not have works, is dead by itself.
18But someone will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” Show me your faith without works, and I will show you faith by my works.
19You believe that God is one. Good! Even the demons believe—and they shudder.
20Senseless person! Are you willing to learn that faith without works is useless?
21–24Wasn’t Abraham our father justified by works in offering Isaac his son on the altar? You see that faith was active together with his works, and by works, faith was made complete… You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone.
25In the same way, wasn’t Rahab the prostitute also justified by works in receiving the messengers and sending them out by a different route?
26For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so also faith without works is dead.
You all know what a smoke detector is. And maybe you even have one in your home. They are actually mandatory—so if you don’t have one, you should.
And you know what happens—at 2 am the little chirping sound starts. And at first you think, I can sleep through this. But it’s just often enough to finally make you get up and take the battery out.
And you think I’ll replace it tomorrow. But you don’t.
And what you end up with is a smoke detector that looks like it’s working. It’s in the right place. But if a fire happens, you’ll likely die.
The form is there. The function isn’t.James has a category for faith that works exactly the same way.
He’s not talking about people who openly reject God. He’s talking about people who have the vocabulary, the attendance, the theological agreement—people who would say yes without hesitation if you asked them whether they had faith. Of course they do. And James is dealing with the question: Can and does that faith save you?
This passage has probably been misunderstood more than any other in the New Testament, and the reason is because on the surface, if you read it fast, if you read it carelessly, it looks like James is saying you earn your salvation by doing good things.
But he’s not saying that and I want to help you see what he is saying. Let’s look again at the text.
What Is He Really Saying?
He doesn’t say “if someone has faith.” He says claims to have faith. That word is doing enormous work. James isn’t attacking genuine faith. He’s attacking the counterfeit. He’s talking about the person who has the vocabulary, the label, the religious identity, but whose life tells a completely different story.
Then he gives us an illustration. A brother or sister shows up—no food, no clothes, genuinely in need. And someone in the community says, “Go in peace! Stay warm! Be well fed!”—and does nothing. The warmth is real. The sentiment is sincere. The person is still cold and hungry.
Listen, friends. James says that’s what faith without works looks like. The appearance of life on the outside. But actually dead. Useless. Hollow.
Faith Is Invisible
James says, sorry, this argument doesn’t work. Why? Because faith is invisible.
The only way anyone can actually see faith is in what it produces. Works are the evidence. They’re the visible demonstration of what’s happening inside.
Jesus makes this clear in his own teaching:
“Every good tree produces good fruit, but a bad tree produces bad fruit. A good tree can’t produce bad fruit; neither can a bad tree produce good fruit. Every tree that doesn’t produce good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire. So you’ll recognize them by their fruit.”
Matthew 7:17–20
And then this: “You believe that God is one? Good! Even the demons believe that—and they shudder.”
The demons are not theologically confused. They’re not wondering if God is real. If anything, they have the most accurate theology in the room—they know exactly who Jesus is because they’ve encountered him directly. And they shudder. Their knowledge does not lead to surrender, it leads to defiance.
So let me ask you something. Not whether you believe the gospel. Not whether you can explain it. But has your faith actually produced fruit?
Two Examples: Abraham and Rahab
Father Abraham (vv. 20–24)
“Wasn’t Abraham our father justified by works in offering Isaac his son on the altar?”
Now some of you are thinking of Romans 4, where Paul says Abraham was “justified by faith and not by works.” Same Abraham. And Paul even quotes the same verse from Genesis that James does. So which is it?
Let me see if I can explain what’s actually happening here.
Paul and James are not arguing with each other. They are standing back-to-back, fighting against two completely different enemies.
Paul is fighting legalism—people who think you earn standing before God by religious performance. Before circumcision was given, before the law existed—Abraham simply believes God’s promises. And God credits that faith to him as righteousness.
James is fighting the opposite error: easy believism. People who think claiming a faith means they’re good. And he says: show me the evidence of that faith. Because I can’t see it.
Paul denies that works are the basis of justification. James insists that works are the evidence of justification. Paul is saying faith is the root. James is saying works are the fruit. They’re not in conflict—they’re completing each other.James then goes to Genesis 22. Decades after the promises were given. Abraham has taken his only son, the son of the promise God made, and bound him and placed him on an altar. And he has raised the knife.
Hebrews 11 tells us what was happening inside Abraham in that moment: he reasoned that if he killed Isaac, God would raise him from the dead. Because the promise was real and the promise had to be fulfilled. So Abraham went up that mountain with Isaac, absolutely sure he would come down the mountain with Isaac, even if it meant resurrection.
What happened on the mountain was not Abraham creating faith by his obedience. It was his existing, living faith expressing itself fully. The works completed the faith. The fruit revealed the root.
The mountain didn’t make Abraham faithful. It showed us he already was.Rahab
And then, brilliantly, James gives us Rahab.
First Abraham: patriarch, father of the covenant, the most respected figure in all of Jewish history.
Then Rahab: a Canaanite. A Gentile. A woman. A prostitute. Someone who would have been at the bottom of every social hierarchy that mattered in that world.
Remember what happened in Joshua 2—Rahab hides the Israelite spies on her roof under bundles of flax and helps them escape. And she tells them why: “I know the LORD has given this land to you… we have heard how the LORD dried up the water of the Red Sea when you came out of Egypt.” She’d heard the reports and she believed that the God of Israel was the real God. And it showed in the fruit of her life. She risked everything on it. She hung the scarlet cord. And when Jericho fell, she and her family were saved.
Why Abraham and Rahab as examples? It doesn’t matter who you are, where you came from, what your resume looks like, or what you’ve done. Genuine saving faith, in anyone, always produces action.
Two Dangers
So what do we make of all this—what does it mean for us today? We need to watch out for two things.
The first is a dead faith. The smoke detector without a battery. Intellectual agreement. Right vocabulary. Correct doctrine. And no transformation. No generosity. No love of neighbor. No sacrifice. No works. James calls it what it is: dead.
The other thing is just as important. Maybe you hear “faith without works is dead” and start thinking: I need to do more. I need to give more, serve more, pray more. And now you’re trying to do all the right things—but not because you’ve been transformed or brought to life by the Gospel. You’re trying to prove you have faith.
Both of these have a similar problem. Neither is trusting Jesus. If you believe you are okay with God because of something that happened in the past and you are now living like you want, you’re trusting in some kind of religious identity. If you’re working harder to prove you have faith, you’re trusting in your performance. Neither is trusting in Christ.
Let’s see if we can get underneath it today.
Some of you grew up in systems or families where your worth gets measured in test scores, class rank, the university you got into. Parents and teachers mean well, but the message they send is: you’re someone when you perform and you’re no one when you don’t. You’ve placed your identity and your salvation in… yourself. You’re just hoping that you’ll be good enough to save you.
Others of you grew up surrounded by systems and people of faith. You had a great church, a faith-filled family, great friends who encouraged your faith. But you never received it yourself. You did all the right things for their approval. Your identity was in the crowd, never in Christ.
Many of you are trying to escape. You just want freedom—from fill in the blank—family, responsibility, friends, church. You want to be your own sovereign. Commitment, service, other people—it’s all just a little too much. You’d rather just make you happy.
All of these are forms of self-salvation. And based on what James has told us—they are all dead faith.
Dead Things Need Resurrection
Dead things cannot animate themselves.
You know that moment when you turn the key and the car doesn’t start? Completely dead. And you try again—maybe this time. And again. And you’re sitting there thinking, maybe I need to turn it more decisively. Maybe if I really commit to this. But here’s what you already know at that moment: the problem is not your technique.
Turning the key harder is not going to fix anything. The battery is dead. And a dead battery cannot charge itself.
And James is saying: if your faith is dead, you cannot will it back to life. You can turn the key a hundred more times. And you’ll sit in the same driveway. Because the issue is not effort.
Dead things need resurrection.Let’s go back to the mountain.
Genesis 22 was not only a real test for Abraham—it’s a preview of what God would do with his own Son. Abraham climbed the mountain with Isaac and God provided a substitute. But Jesus climbed the mountain alone and there was no substitute. Only the knife.
Instead of a substitute for Jesus. Jesus was the substitute for you.The Bible invites us to not just know that, but to experience it.
If that life has not yet begun in you, friend, do not walk out of here today and try to fake it. That is exactly what James is warning against.
So let me tell you how you come to Christ. You do not unite yourself to him by being religious. You don’t unite yourself to him by trying harder, by cleaning up first, or by adding Jesus to the life you’ve been running. Union with Christ happens through two simple motions.
You turn. And you trust.You stop trying to be your own savior. You stop trying to earn a verdict—from God, from your parents, from your boss, from yourself. You stop running your life as if you were the one on the throne. You look honestly at Jesus, and you look honestly at yourself, and you admit what’s true. You’re dead in your sin and you cannot raise yourself. You need him. You have to want him. That is repentance. It is not feeling bad. It’s a total transfer—it’s surrender.
You stop leaning on your performance, your resume, your family’s faith, your religious background, your good intentions, your best days. And you put your entire weight on Jesus. On what he did on the cross. On what he did walking out of the grave. His death becomes your death and his life becomes your life.
There is no magic prayer here. There is no formula. There is no ritual that activates this. It’s just Jesus—and he’s asking you today—Will you have me?
You can answer him right now, in your seat. You don’t need perfect words. Something as honest as: “Jesus, I cannot raise myself. Raise me. I give up on me. I trust you. Take me.”
And then the works come. Not as a burden. As a fruit.
And if Christ has already begun his work in you—if when you look at your life you can see even little pieces of fruit—then take heart. The works James is describing are not a bar you have to clear. They are the evidence that resurrection life is already at work in you.